Bal Arıları

Bal arılarının öyrənilmə tarixindən

 

1. Bal arılarını öyrənməyə nə vaxt başladılar? 

 

İlk dəfə olaraq Holland alimi Yak Swammerdam (1637 -1680) həşərat anatomiyası və metamorfozunu tədqiq etmiş və öz elmi işində bal arılarını  "təbiətin Müqəddəsi" kimi təsfir etmişdir.

 

2. Arıçılıqda hansı mühüm elmi nəaliyyətlər əldə olunmuşdur?

 

Məşhur İsveçrə alimi Huber (1750-1831) aşkar etmişdir ki, ana və erkək arılar yuvadan kənarda cütləşirlər, cütləşməyən ana arı döllənməmiş yumurta qoyur.

 

Dzherzon (1811 -1906) erkək arıların Party-genetik inkişafında açılış etdi, ana və işçi arıların mənşəyi eyni yumurtadan gəlir.

 

Amerikalı elm adamı Langstroth (1810-1895) aşkar etdi ki, şanlar arsında olan məsafə daima eyni ölçüdə olaraq qalır və bu da gələcəkdə arı şanı çərçivələrinin ixtira olunmasına səbəb oldu.

 

Görkəmli rus alimi A.Q. Kozhevnikov (1866-1933) arıların müxtəlif cinslərin xüsusiyyətlərini, onların polimorfizmini və instiktini öyrənmişdir.

İlk dəfə arıların xarici bədən hissələrini biometrik ölçmə metodu ilə tətbiq edən N.V. Nasonov (1855-1939) işçi arılarda aromatik vəz olduğunu aşkar etmişdir. Bu vəz Nasonov vəzi adlanır.

 

Bal arısı biologiyasına  əhəmiyyətli töhfə verən Rusiya alimləri K.F. Roulier (1814-1858) və N.M. Kulagin (1859-1940), və s. olmuşdur.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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